Dictionary
Artist Colonies in Poland

Artist colonies also sprang up in Poland in the late 19th century. Their greatest results, however, were not achieved before the 20th century, when a great wave of artists left the cities and settled in rural areas, following the model of the School of Barbizon, in order to make en plein air paintings, at a time when this trend had already ceased in other countries.
For instance in Zakopane, which had already been a center of attraction for artists, where the art-historically relevant Formism movement formed in 1916.
The Brotherhood of St Luke was founded in Kazimierz in 1925. Many artists had congregated there between the wars, for instance Antoni Michalak, Aleksander Jedrzejewski and Boleslaw Cybis, who painted in the style of old masters from the 16th to the 18th century, taking on their coloring and choice of subjects.
The "Grupa Krakowska", a young and anti-academic group of young artists from Krakow, with Jonasz Stern and Sasza Blonder as members, was active in Krzemieniec between 1934 and 1937. With their works they were disassociating themselves from spatial Illusionism.